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Apr 07 2025Lithium iron phosphate batteries have become the "star batteries" in fields such as new energy vehicles and energy storage due to their high safety, long cycle life, and low cost advantages. However, its performance is highly dependent on cell consistency, and poor consistency may lead to a sudden drop in system efficiency, shortened lifespan, and even safety hazards.
1. Performance degradation accelerates, system efficiency is' discounted '
Lithium iron phosphate battery pack is composed of multiple battery cells connected in series or parallel. If the capacity and voltage consistency of individual cells are poor, it may cause some cells to overcharge or overdischarge. For example, if there are lithium iron phosphate cells with low capacity in a certain group of batteries, other normal cells will be forced to slow down during charging and discharging, resulting in a 20% -30% decrease in overall capacity utilization and a significant reduction in the available energy of the system.
2. Shortened lifespan and skyrocketing costs
In lithium iron phosphate battery packs with poor consistency, some cells will accelerate aging due to long-term extreme working conditions. Experimental data shows that battery packs with consistency deviations exceeding 5% may experience a reduction of over 40% in cycle life. This means that companies need to replace batteries in advance, and the operation and maintenance costs increase exponentially.
3. Sudden increase in risk of thermal runaway
Although lithium iron phosphate batteries are known for their safety, poor consistency may lead to local temperature anomalies. For example, when the internal resistance of a certain battery cell is high, the amount of heat generated during the charging and discharging process increases. If the heat is not dissipated in time, it may trigger a chain reaction and ultimately lead to thermal runaway. In recent years, many accidents in energy storage power stations have been related to the failure of cell consistency management.
4. The energy density is falsely labeled, resulting in a decrease in actual range
In the field of new energy vehicles, if the consistency of lithium iron phosphate battery packs does not meet the standards, the gap between the nominal energy density and the actual available energy will widen. Owners may find that the battery's range is significantly lower than the advertised value, directly affecting user experience and market trust.
5. BMS system pressure doubling
The battery management system (BMS) needs to monitor the status of each lithium iron phosphate battery cell in real time, but poor consistency will increase the difficulty of management. For example, when the voltage deviation of the battery cell exceeds ± 50mV, BMS may misjudge the health status of the battery, resulting in delayed or premature triggering of overcharge protection, further exacerbating battery loss.
